{"id":7586,"date":"2026-01-08T07:05:48","date_gmt":"2026-01-08T07:05:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.c2psu.com\/?p=7586"},"modified":"2026-01-08T07:05:52","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T07:05:52","slug":"iec-en-ul-62368-1-standard-for-ict-av-equipment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.c2psu.com\/es\/iec-en-ul-62368-1-standard-for-ict-av-equipment\/","title":{"rendered":"IEC\/EN\/UL 62368-1: The Unified Safety Standard for ICT &amp; AV Equipment"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-iec-en-ul-62368-1\">What is IEC\/EN\/UL 62368-1?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>IEC\/EN\/UL 62368-1<\/strong>&nbsp;is a&nbsp;<strong>hazard-based safety engineering standard<\/strong>&nbsp;that applies to Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Audio\/Video (AV) equipment. It represents a fundamental shift from traditional prescriptive safety standards to a more flexible, performance-based approach centered on identifying and mitigating&nbsp;<strong>energy hazards<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Formally titled&nbsp;*&#8221;Audio\/video, information and communication technology equipment \u2013 Part 1: Safety requirements,&#8221;*&nbsp;it has become the globally recognized safety benchmark for modern electronic devices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-transition-from-old-standards\">The Transition from Old Standards<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This standard is the direct successor to and eventual replacement for two long-standing legacy standards:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>IEC\/EN\/UL 60950-1:<\/strong>\u00a0For IT equipment (e.g., computers, servers, routers).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>IEC\/EN\/UL 60065:<\/strong>\u00a0For AV equipment (e.g., televisions, amplifiers, speakers).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The transition period has ended in most major markets, making&nbsp;<strong>IEC\/EN\/UL 62368-1 the mandatory standard<\/strong>&nbsp;for new product certifications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-core-philosophy-hazard-based-safety-engineering-hbse\">Core Philosophy: Hazard-Based Safety Engineering (HBSE)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Unlike older &#8220;rules-based&#8221; standards that prescribed specific design solutions (e.g., &#8220;use a 1mm thick plastic barrier&#8221;), IEC 62368-1 is&nbsp;<strong>outcome-focused<\/strong>. It requires manufacturers to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Identify<\/strong>\u00a0potential energy sources within the product (electrical, thermal, kinetic, chemical, radiation).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Classify<\/strong>\u00a0these energy sources based on their severity using a\u00a0<strong>three-class system<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Apply Safeguards<\/strong>\u00a0to protect persons from injury by preventing energy transfer that exceeds body&#8217;s tolerance limits.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>This approach is more adaptable to innovative and converging technologies, as it focuses on the inherent hazard rather than a predefined construction method.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-three-class-energy-source-system\">The Three-Class Energy Source System<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The foundation of the standard is the classification of energy sources:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Class<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Descripci\u00f3n<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Potential for Injury<\/th><th class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\">Example Safeguard Principle<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Class 1 (ES1)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Painless, non-injurious energy.<\/strong><\/td><td>No injury. Touching is safe under normal and single-fault conditions.<\/td><td><strong>No safeguard required.<\/strong>&nbsp;Basic insulation is often sufficient.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Class 2 (ES2)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Energy that can cause discomfort but is not likely to cause injury.<\/strong>&nbsp;May be painful (e.g., a shock), but won&#8217;t cause physical harm like burns or electric shock effects on the heart.<\/td><td>Normally no injury, but can cause involuntary reaction.<\/td><td><strong>Basic Safeguards<\/strong>&nbsp;are required to protect&nbsp;<strong>Ordinary Persons<\/strong>. These prevent contact under normal operating conditions and after a&nbsp;<strong>single fault<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Class 3 (ES3)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Energy that can cause injury.<\/strong>&nbsp;This includes hazardous voltage levels, high temperatures, projectiles, etc.<\/td><td>Risk of permanent injury, burns, or electrocution.<\/td><td><strong>Double or Reinforced Safeguards<\/strong>&nbsp;are required to protect&nbsp;<strong>Ordinary Persons<\/strong>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<strong>Instructed Persons<\/strong>. These must remain effective even after&nbsp;<strong>two independent faults<\/strong>.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-protection-of-persons\">Protection of Persons<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The standard defines three types of persons, with requirements tailored to their expected skill and awareness:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ordinary Person:<\/strong>\u00a0A general user with no special training. They are protected from Class 2 and Class 3 energy sources.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Instructed Person:<\/strong>\u00a0Someone aware of the hazards and instructed on how to avoid them (e.g., service personnel using a manual). They are protected from Class 3 energy sources.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Skilled Person:<\/strong>\u00a0A professional with specialized training (e.g., an electrician). The standard&#8217;s primary protections are not necessarily aimed at this group.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-key-technical-requirements-amp-common-test-criteria\">Key Technical Requirements &amp; Common Test Criteria<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The standard covers a wide range of safety aspects. Key areas include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Electric Shock Hazard:<\/strong>\u00a0Defines limits for accessible parts (touch current, leakage current, peak voltage).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Electrical Insulation:<\/strong>\u00a0Specifies requirements for\u00a0<strong>Basic<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>Supplementary<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>Double<\/strong>, and\u00a0<strong>Reinforced Insulation<\/strong>\u00a0based on the working voltage and energy class.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Creepage &amp; Clearance Distances:<\/strong>\u00a0Critical spacing distances between conductive parts to prevent arcing and breakdown. These are determined by the\u00a0<strong>Working Voltage<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>Pollution Degree<\/strong>, and\u00a0<strong>Material Group<\/strong>\u00a0(CTI).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Energy Hazard Mitigation:<\/strong>\u00a0Requirements for components like batteries (including Li-ion), capacitors, and motors to prevent fire, explosion, or ejection.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fire &amp; Thermal Hazard:<\/strong>\u00a0Enclosure flammability ratings (e.g.,\u00a0<strong>5VA<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>V-0<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>HB<\/strong>), temperature limits for touchable parts, and prevention of overheating.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mechanical Hazards:<\/strong>\u00a0Stability, sharp edges, moving parts, and strength of enclosures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Radiation:<\/strong>\u00a0Includes laser safety and requirements for LED sources (addressing blue light hazard).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-role-of-component-standards\">The Role of Component Standards<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>IEC 62368-1 relies heavily on the use of&nbsp;<strong>certified critical safety components<\/strong>. If a component (like a transformer, fuse, or optical coupler) is certified to its own relevant component standard (e.g.,&nbsp;<strong>UL 1310<\/strong>&nbsp;for Class 2 power units,&nbsp;<strong>IEC 61558<\/strong>&nbsp;for transformers), it can often be used without further testing within its specified ratings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-global-acceptance-amp-market-variations-iec-vs-en-vs-ul\">Global Acceptance &amp; Market Variations: IEC vs. EN vs. UL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The core technical content is identical, but the prefix indicates the issuing body and its associated national deviations or normative references.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>IEC 62368-1:<\/strong>\u00a0The base international standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission. Globally recognized as the technical foundation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>EN 62368-1:<\/strong>\u00a0The European version, published as a Harmonized Standard under the EU&#8217;s Low Voltage Directive (LVD) and Radio Equipment Directive (RED). Compliance provides\u00a0<strong>presumption of conformity<\/strong>\u00a0for the\u00a0<strong>CE marking<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>UL 62368-1:<\/strong>\u00a0The U.S. and Canadian version, published by Underwriters Laboratories. It includes specific\u00a0<strong>Nationally Deviated Requirements<\/strong>\u00a0(NDRs) to align with the\u00a0<strong>National Electrical Code (NEC)<\/strong>\u00a0and other North American regulations (e.g., fire enclosure requirements, specific wiring rules). A product certified to\u00a0<strong>UL 62368-1<\/strong>\u00a0can carry the\u00a0<strong>cULus mark<\/strong>\u00a0for both the U.S. and Canada.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-why-compliance-is-critical\">Why Compliance is Critical<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Legal Market Access:<\/strong>\u00a0It is a mandatory requirement for selling ICT\/AV equipment in the EU (CE mark), UK (UKCA mark), USA\/Canada (cULus\/NRTL mark), and many other countries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Product Liability &amp; Risk Mitigation:<\/strong>\u00a0Demonstrates due diligence in designing safe products, reducing legal and financial risks from incidents.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Global Market Efficiency:<\/strong>\u00a0Using a single, harmonized standard simplifies the certification process for multiple markets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Future-Proof Design:<\/strong>\u00a0Its hazard-based approach accommodates new technologies more readily than old prescriptive standards.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-practical-steps-for-compliance\">Practical Steps for Compliance<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Early Design Integration:<\/strong>\u00a0Incorporate HBSE principles from the initial concept phase. Perform a\u00a0<strong>hazard analysis<\/strong>\u00a0to classify energy sources.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Select Pre-Certified Components:<\/strong>\u00a0Use power supplies, connectors, and other critical components that are already certified to applicable standards.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pre-Compliance Testing:<\/strong>\u00a0Work with a lab or consultant to identify and fix potential non-compliances before formal certification.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Formal Certification:<\/strong>\u00a0Engage with a\u00a0<strong>Notified Body<\/strong>\u00a0(for EU),\u00a0<strong>Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory (NRTL)<\/strong>\u00a0like UL or Intertek (for US), or other accredited certification body for your target market.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Documentation:<\/strong>\u00a0Prepare the comprehensive technical file required by the standard and applicable directives\/regulations.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Disclaimer:<\/strong>&nbsp;This guide provides an educational overview of IEC\/EN\/UL 62368-1. It is not a substitute for the full standard or professional compliance advice.&nbsp;<strong>Always consult the latest official version of the standard and engage with qualified safety engineering professionals or certification bodies for your specific product assessment.<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is IEC\/EN\/UL 62368-1? IEC\/EN\/UL 62368-1&nbsp;is a&nbsp;hazard-based safety engineering standard&nbsp;that applies to Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Audio\/Video (AV) equipment. It represents a fundamental&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7598,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_elementor_edit_mode":"","_elementor_template_type":"","_elementor_data":"","_elementor_page_settings":null,"_elementor_conditions":[]},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7586","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.5 (Yoast SEO v26.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>IEC\/EN\/UL 62368-1: The Unified Safety Standard for ICT &amp; AV Equipment - C2PSU<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This guide provides an educational overview of IEC\/EN\/UL 62368-1. 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